Tailored Warranty And Support
Financing Available Today

Introduction to 3D Printing

Additive Plus Education

What is 3D printing? Start here.

A beginner’s guide to additive manufacturing: what 3D printing is, how it differs from traditional manufacturing, and the seven technology families that make it work.

What 3D printing is
How it differs from traditional manufacturing
The 7 technologies of 3D printing
Materials, strengths and uses
Introduction to 3D printing and additive manufacturing
Overview

What is 3D printing or additive manufacturing?

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is a process in which parts are built by adding material until the desired three-dimensional geometry is formed. It creates objects in a wide range of materials, colours and shapes — and its biggest advantage is access to complexity: with 3D printing you can manufacture objects that are impossible to build with traditional methods. There are seven additive manufacturing technologies, as classified by ASTM F42.

How is it different from traditional manufacturing?

Traditional methods are usually subtractive (machining away material) or formative (moulding and casting). Additive manufacturing works the other way round — it adds material only where it is needed. That means far less waste, no dedicated tooling, and the freedom to print complex internal geometries, lightweight lattices and one-off customised parts economically. Traditional manufacturing still wins on cost at very high volumes; additive wins on complexity, customisation and speed to first part.

The 7 technologies

Seven ways to build a part, layer by layer.

Every 3D printing process falls into one of seven families defined by ASTM F42. They differ in how each layer is formed and joined — and therefore in the materials, precision and applications they suit.

1

VAT Photopolymerization

High-detail dental models 3D-printed with VAT photopolymerization (LSPc technology)
High-detail dental models printed with VAT photopolymerization (LSPc). Image credit: Additive Plus.

One of the most mature 3D printing technologies on the market. It uses a photosensitive resin and a light source, usually in the ultraviolet range. Stereolithography (SLA) cures the resin point by point or line by line with a laser; LCD and DLP cure a whole layer at once. Each technique trades off speed, precision and cost. Explore our photopolymer resin line.

Typical materials

  • Photopolymer resins

Strengths

  • High accuracy and complexity
  • Smooth surface finish
  • Accommodates large build areas
Also calledSLA — Stereolithography ApparatusDLP — Digital Light Processing3SP — Scan, Spin and Selectively PhotocureCLIP — Continuous Liquid Interface Production
2

Material Extrusion

Material extrusion 3D printing depositing polymer granulates (FGF)
Material deposition using polymer granulates (FGF). Image credit: Kings 3D Printing.

One of the best-known 3D printing methods, largely thanks to its popularity in desktop machines. Material is pushed through a nozzle and deposited layer by layer. Minimal facility requirements and low cost make it accessible to a wide range of users, while its versatility spans prototyping to end-use production. It works with polymers, metals, ceramics and more — note that metal variants (ADAM, BMD) require post-print sintering. Browse our filaments & pellets.

Typical materials

  • Thermoplastic filaments and pellets (FFF, FGF)
  • Liquids and slurries (syringe types)

Strengths

  • Inexpensive and economical
  • Allows for multiple colours
  • Can be used in an office environment
  • Parts have good structural properties
Also calledFFF — Fused Filament FabricationFDM — Fused Deposition ModelingAPD — Augmented Polymer DepositionADAM — Atomic Diffusion Additive ManufacturingBMD — Bound Metal Deposition
3

Binder Jetting

M5 screws 3D-printed in metal using Binder Jetting
M5 screws 3D-printed with Binder Jetting. Image credit: Digital Metal.

An advanced technology that applies a liquid binder onto a powder bed, bonding particles together layer by layer. It is fast, capable of full colour, and works across a wide range of material classes — metal and ceramic parts require post-print sintering to reach full density. See our metal & ceramic powders.

Typical materials

  • Powdered plastic, metal, ceramics, glass and sand

Strengths

  • Allows for full-colour printing
  • High productivity
  • Uses a wide range of materials
Also called3DP — 3D PrintingBJ — Binder Jetting
4

Material Jetting

Multi-material, full-colour parts produced by Material Jetting 3D printing
Material Jetting 3D-printed parts. Image credit: All3DP.

An advanced technique that deposits liquid material in ultra-thin layers, then solidifies them with UV curing. It produces parts with exceptional precision and can combine multiple materials and colours in a single build — ideal for realistic, functional prototypes. Browse our photopolymer & DLP materials.

Typical materials

  • Photopolymers, polymers and waxes

Strengths

  • High accuracy and fine detail
  • Multi-material and full colour
  • Smooth, realistic prototypes
Also calledPolyJetSCP — Smooth Curvatures PrintingMJM — Multi-Jet ModelingProJet
5

Powder Bed Fusion

Industrial Powder Bed Fusion 3D printer producing metal and polymer parts
Industrial Powder Bed Fusion system. Image credit: Farsoon Americas.

Uses a powder bed as the base: a laser or electron beam selectively fuses each layer of powder to build parts with high precision. It is ideal for complex, customised parts in demanding industries such as aerospace, automotive and medical. See our metal powders.

Typical materials

  • Powdered polymers, metals and ceramics

Strengths

  • Complex geometries — polymer SLS needs no supports
  • Production-grade mechanical properties
  • Wide range of industrial materials
Also calledSLS — Selective Laser SinteringSLM — Selective Laser MeltingDMLS — Direct Metal Laser SinteringEBM — Electron Beam MeltingMJF — Multi Jet Fusion
6

Directed Energy Deposition (DED)

Directed Energy Deposition adding metal onto an existing substrate
DED / DMT 3D printing onto a metal substrate. Image credit: 3Printr.com.

An advanced technique that deposits melted material directly onto an existing substrate. An energy beam — laser or electron beam — melts powder or wire to build precise layers, enabling complex new parts, added features and repairs to existing components. Explore our metal powders.

Typical materials

  • Metal wire and powder, with ceramics

Strengths

  • Not limited by direction or axis
  • Effective for repairs and adding features
  • Multiple materials in a single part
  • Highest single-point deposition rates
Also calledLMD — Laser Metal DepositionLENS — Laser Engineered Net ShapingDMD — Direct Metal DepositionLaser claddingWAAM — Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing
7

Sheet Lamination

Sheet lamination 3D printing bonding paper, plastic sheets and metal foils
Sheet lamination feedstock: paper, plastic sheets and metal foils. Image credit: Additive Plus.

Builds objects by bonding thin layers of sheet material — paper, plastic or metal — using heat, adhesive or pressure. Its versatility suits large, complex parts and rapid prototyping, and metal-foil variants can even embed components inside the part.

Typical materials

  • Paper, plastic sheets, and metal foils / tapes

Strengths

  • High volumetric build rates
  • Relatively low cost (non-metals)
  • Combines metal foils and embeds components
Also calledLOM — Laminated Object ManufacturingSDL — Selective Deposition LaminationUAM — Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing

Ready to explore the catalogue? Browse Additive Plus 3D printers & equipment, filaments & pellets, photopolymer resins, metal powders, technical ceramics and post-processing.

FAQ

3D printing, answered.

How does 3D printing work?

A digital 3D model is sliced into thin horizontal layers, and the printer builds the part one layer at a time — curing resin, melting powder, extruding filament or bonding sheets, depending on the technology. Because material is added rather than removed, complex internal shapes are possible in a single build.

What are the 7 types of 3D printing?

ASTM F42 defines seven families: VAT Photopolymerization, Material Extrusion, Binder Jetting, Material Jetting, Powder Bed Fusion, Directed Energy Deposition and Sheet Lamination. Each forms and joins layers differently, which decides the materials it can use and the parts it suits.

What is the difference between 3D printing and traditional manufacturing?

Traditional manufacturing is usually subtractive (machining) or formative (moulding). 3D printing is additive — it adds material only where needed, cutting waste and tooling and enabling complex, customised geometries. Traditional methods remain cheaper at very high volumes.

What can you make with a 3D printer?

Almost anything, from dental models and lightweight aerospace brackets to functional prototypes, jigs and fixtures, spare parts, jewellery patterns and end-use production parts — in polymers, resins, metals and ceramics.

Curious about 3D printing? Let’s talk.

There’s always more to discover. Reach out for an insightful conversation about 3D printing and its applications in education and industry — and watch for our upcoming webinars. Next, explore materials and software & design.